![]() ![]() Eastern Time Zone (ET): UTC-05:00 – includes 22 states in the eastern part of the contiguous United States, including some parts of Canada, Mexico, Panama, and the Caribbean islands.These time zones encompass most of the contiguous United States. ![]() Likely the most well-known include Eastern, Central, Mountain, and Pacific Time Zones. In the U.S., there are a total of 9 time zones used. As a general rule of thumb, a change of 15° of longitude should result in a time difference of 1 hour. Many countries have more than one time zone. The following map displays the standard time zones across the world. As can be seen, although there is a general standard throughout the world for defining time zones, it is still highly dependent on the country, and is subject to change. Russia on the other hand, is divided into 11 time zones, though at one point this was reduced to 9 time zones. For example, China and India only use a single time zone even though they are countries that encompass far larger an area than 15° of longitude. Generally, a time change of 1 hour is required with each 15° change of longitude, but this does not necessarily always happen. ![]() Nepal, the final holdout, did not adopt a standard offset of UTC until 1956, and even then, has a less common offset of UTC+5:45. It wasn't until 1929 before most countries adopted hourly time zones. Time zones throughout the world vary, and used to vary even more than they currently do. Most commonly, UTC is offset by an hour, but in some cases, the offset can be a half-hour or quarter-hour, such as in the case of UTC+06:30 and UTC+12:45. UTC offset can range from UTC-12:00 to UTC+14:00. Generally, time zones are defined as + or - an integer number of hours in relation to UTC for example, UTC-05:00, UTC+08:00, and so on. UTC breaks time into days, hours, minutes, and seconds, where days are usually defined in terms of the Gregorian calendar. Most time zones that are on land are offset from UTC. UTC is not dependent on daylight saving time (DST), though some countries switch between time zones during their DST period, such as the United Kingdom using British Summer Time in the summer months. UTC, which is based on highly precise atomic clocks and the Earth's rotation, is the new standard of today. Although GMT used to be a time standard, it is now mainly used as the time zone for certain countries in Africa and Western Europe. Although GMT and Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) essentially reflect the same time, GMT is a time zone, while UTC is a time standard that is used as a basis for civil time and time zones worldwide. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory located in Greenwich, London, considered to be located at a longitude of zero degrees. They are often based on the boundaries of countries or lines of longitude. See the dates for school holidays (opens in new window) in New Zealand.Related Time Calculator | Date CalculatorĪ time zone is a region on Earth that uses a uniform time. Like public holidays, school holidays mean more people travelling and doing activities around the country. See the dates for public holidays and anniversary days (opens in new window) in New Zealand. Public holidays are national holidays, while anniversary dates are holidays within a particular region. Accommodation and activities will be busier than usual, and some public services, like transport, may be limited. It's important to be aware of public holidays which may fall during your trip to New Zealand. ![]() In Summer, New Zealand time uses 'Daylight Saving', with clocks put forward one hour to GMT+13.ĭaylight Saving begins on the last Sunday in September and ends on the first Sunday of the following April, when clocks are put back to GMT+12. See what time it is in New Zealand (opens in new window) right now. New Zealand is one of the first places in the world to see the new day, 12 hours ahead of GMT (Greenwich Mean Time). ![]()
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![]() ![]() (Yes, this stage is a bit tedious.er.I mean time consuming. We used white construction paper from our local craft store and put 3 layers of paper on the ball for each shell. I recommend you use white glue rather than paste to make the paper mache as we did - it takes longer to dry, but produces a stronger shell. Each of the seven shell pieces were formed on the ball, dried, removed and trimmed. We first coated the ball with a thin layer of petroleum jelly so the paper mache would not stick to it. We found a large exercise ball and inflated it to until its diameter was the width we calculated in Step 1. Since you want to end up with a costume that can form a ball, each shell piece needs to be molded on a ball. If not, you will have to make the Roly Poly a bit wider until it's width is the diameter of smallest ball the person can crouch into. If so, congratulations, you have the costume size. Make a rough measurement of the diameter of their crouched body - will it fit into the width you calculated from the aspect ratio. Have your would-be costume wearer crouch down and make their body into a ball as small as they can. This will also be the approximate diameter of the Roly Poly when it is in a ball. Now, multiply this length by the aspect ratio to find the width of the costume. Measure the length of from the top of the head to the mid-calves or so. Get a large piece of cardboard or paper and trace the body of the person to wear the costume. You need to get this aspect ratio right to look like a real Roly Poly. ![]() Divide the length by the width - this gives you the aspect ratio of the bug. ![]() Catch a few Roly Polies and measure their length and width. To be a convincing Roly Poly (aka Wood Lice, Pill Bug, Potato Bug, Grammarsaw, or Chuggypig, Moneky-Peas, or.) you need to get the shape right. This project was not made with the creation of an Instructable in mind, so I will apologize if advance for not having better photo documentation Then we got to work on the costume with the conviction that the costume must be able to roll into a ball just like the real thing. We scoured the internet for pictures and facts (did you know that a Roly Poly is actually a crustacean that breaths with gills?), we caught them in our back yard, studied them and even dissected them to see how their cleaver shell was constructed. He decided to be a Roly Poly for Halloween long in advance so there was a great opportunity to get to know the critter. My son loves insects and spent his childhood telling people that he was going to be an entomologist when he grew up. welcome to my first Instructables.The Amazing Roly Poly costume. Over the years since publishing this video of the costume we have gotten many inquiries from people wanting to make there own. My son and I made this costume together back in 2012 when he was 7 years old. ![]() ![]() The compressor looks like a pulley attached to a belt-driven engine. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at the role that air conditioning compressors play in vehicle air conditioning systems. This creates a cool windshield in the warmer months and a clear windshield in the colder months. Its main role is to pressurize (compress) the vehicle’s refrigerant to the required pressure, activating heat transfer characteristics and changing the temperature. Without them, the entire air conditioning system would not be able to perform its primary function of creating cold air in the vehicle. Car CompressorĪlthough a vehicle’s air conditioning (AC) system is made up of many components, the AC compressor serves as one of the central components that create the circuits needed for the system. This is how the new cycle takes place and you can get cool, dry, and fresh air. After the process, when the liquid refrigerant in the air conditioner becomes hot, it returns to a gaseous state.Īt this high temperature, the gaseous low-pressure refrigerant recirculates and returns to the compressor. During this process, the condensate is also collected and drained). This process also removes moisture from the air and allows you to enjoy fresh and dry air. ![]() So far, the temperature of the refrigerant is low and the outside heat can be converted to cold air.įans near the passenger seat help cool the car by blowing cold air through the vents. The air from the car is sucked into the evaporator and enters the evaporator core. The converted refrigerant then moves to the evaporator. This process reduces the overall hydraulic pressure and allows it to move to an evaporator (another component of the air conditioning system). ![]() The refrigerant that has already cooled flows into the expansion valve or orifice tube. The desiccant removes moisture from the air and refrigerant, producing a cooler refrigerant while maintaining the system. The refrigerant then moves to the receiver dryer or accumulator. This allows the refrigerant to convert the high-pressure liquid refrigerant mist into a low-pressure liquid refrigerant mist before it enters the evaporator. The orifice tube is conical and restricts the flow of refrigerant. Fans can enjoy air conditioning in the passenger area. It absorbs the heat of the car and converts it into steam to convert it into a liquid refrigerant. The evaporator is behind the air conditioner and looks like a heat exchanger. The flush pressure before the refrigerant is sent to the evaporator. As the name implies, it controls expansion and reduces pressure. The expansion valve helps high-pressure expansion by sending a cold liquid refrigerant through the condenser. When adjusting the temperature of the vehicle to low or high, the liquid refrigerant supplied by the compressor must withstand the convective force of the radiator fan or another fan. CapacitorĪ capacitor is a small device that controls condensation. Liquid refrigerant allows air to flow through the condenser. Increases the pressure of the refrigerant and converts the vapor refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant. ![]() The air conditioner compressor is called the heart. Keeping Your Engine Cool: A Guide to Understanding and Managing Coolant Loss 1. However, the car is smaller than the room, so many changes have been made to make it compact enough to fit inside your car. F.A.Q Components Comprising A Car Air Conditioning SystemĪ car air conditioner has almost the same components as a room air conditioner.Let’s dig in and understand how the air conditioning system which includes the compressor functions. All you have to do is turn on the air conditioner and the compressor does the rest. Pressure acts here and the internal temperature changes. This is where the thermodynamic process of maintaining the temperature in the car compartment is involved. At the end of this cycle, it is in a cold gas state inside the evaporator, at which point outside air is blown, cooled, and then sent to the cabin. The air conditioning system in your car works by circulating the refrigerant, converting it from a gas to a liquid, and then back again. Have you ever wondered how the AC in your car keeps you cool during the summer and heated up in the winter? Well, let’s discuss all about the AC system and specifically about the main component which is the car compressor. ![]() ![]() In 2008, a genome sequencing project discovered that large portions of the human X and Y chromosomes are arranged as palindromes. They have been specially researched in bacterial chromosomes and in the so-called Bacterial Interspersed Mosaic Elements ( BIMEs) scattered over them. Palindromic motifs are found in most genomes or sets of genetic instructions. The stem portion of the hairpin is a pseudo-double stranded portion since the entire hairpin is a part of same (single) strand of nucleic acid. For example, the DNA sequence ACCTAGGT is palindromic with its nucleotide-by-nucleotide complement TGGATCCA because reversing the order of the nucleotides in the complement gives the original sequence.Ī palindromic nucleotide sequence is capable of forming a hairpin. Since a double helix is formed by two paired antiparallel strands of nucleotides that run in opposite directions, and the nucleotides always pair in the same way ( adenine (A) with thymine (T) in DNA or uracil (U) in RNA cytosine (C) with guanine (G)), a (single-stranded) nucleotide sequence is said to be a palindrome if it is equal to its reverse complement. The meaning of palindrome in the context of genetics is slightly different from the definition used for words and sentences. This definition of palindrome thus depends on complementary strands being palindromic of each other. 5' to 3') on one strand is identical to the sequence in the same direction (e.g. ![]() A palindromic sequence is a nucleic acid sequence in a double-stranded DNA or RNA molecule whereby reading in a certain direction (e.g. ![]() ![]() ![]() I have published this, and perhaps as of this writing, other packages, mostly to experiment with and facilitate best practices for future work. SupportĪt the moment I do not have infrastructure to offer support. For BSD systems I recommend creating a "ports" file. rpm package which can then be loaded on a build system like obs. spec file from qmake which can then be used to produce a. If you are running in a double-byte locale, set MANPAGER or PAGER to invoke a command which supports double-byte characters, such as the more command. A generic make install can then be used to install the result. qmake can be directly ran to configure the build from a source tarball, and make to produce binaries, without needing qtcreator. The archive directory from this project could also be used to create a stand-alone windows binary distribution of just this application.įor generic Unix (GNU/Linux, BSD systems, etc), the publish target provides a clean source tarball. The deploy archive directory from this and related applications are then gathered together, removing duplication of runtime dll's, and will normally be delivered in a common. This package can be setup to build thru macports or homebrew as well.įor Microsoft Windows use I produce a deploy archive directory which includes Qt runtime dll libraries. This project can produce a stand-alone application that can be used and redistributed directly and separately if so desired. This may then be bundled together and distributed with other desktop apps in a common. On Mac I presume Manpager can be delivered as a fully stand-alone bundled application, complete with required Qt runtime libraries. Manpager is licensed using the GNU GPL, Version 3 or later, as was it's immediate predecessor, coastal-qt. This is a stand-alone derived version of coastal manpager, to make it easier to separately maintain, and to experiment with what I feel are good practices for using Qt and QtCreator for cross-platform development. Back then I was experimenting with cross-platform Qt desktop applications and cmake. Manpager first appeared as "coastal manpager" in coastal-qt in 2011. However, it could be useful in conjunction with mingw32, cygwin, or the Windows bash shell, to more easily search and view the manual pages in those subsystems on the Windows desktop. While Manpager is a cross-platform desktop application, generally this application has much more limited use on Microsoft Windows vs other platforms, because both mac and unix targets have standardized manual pages, whereas Microsoft Windows does not. Probably the closest equivalent is something like xman, but this offers a more complete and modern user interface as well as the ability to actively search for pages. The manpage viewer also lets you search for content within manual pages using the F3 key. This application is written in C++ using Qt. This is a simple application that lets you search for and view system manual pages formatted for normal output. ![]() |